First aid & safety

Shivering stops long before the danger does. Here is how to stage hypothermia, treat it with what you have, and keep it from starting.

The three injuries that end the most hikes are mundane: blisters, sprains, and sunburn. Here is the field treatment for each.

Light, practical, and only what you can actually use: the essentials for a trail first aid kit, what to add for remote trips, and why training beats gear.

Broad spectrum, SPF 30–50, a shot glass of it, reapplied every two hours — plus mineral vs. chemical, and the spots everyone misses.

Altitude sickness is about ascent speed, not fitness. Learn to tell a watchable AMS from the two emergencies — HACE and HAPE — and when the only move is down.

Heat illness turns from misery to emergency fast. Heat stroke is a true emergency — cool first, then evacuate.